Tuesday, July 30, 2019

How are social change and changes in knowledge linked?

It will then proceed by discussing aspects of social change in history, in particular how changes after the 2nd world war challenged old and traditional systems of knowledge. In this discussion this essay will focus on two dominant systems of knowledge, medicine and religion, and in what way the changing role of women in society has challenged these knowledge systems. With regard to religion this essay will also discuss the development of new age beliefs in today's society with relevance to the question is religion in decline? This essay will aim to use relevant examples in this discussion in order to reach a conclusion of the link between social change and changes in knowledge in our society. So lets begin by answering the question what is knowledge? ‘All knowledge is produced, collected, collated and disseminated by human beings living in societies.' (Goldblatt 2000). It is inherited through the language we learn in our daily lives. We use many different sources of knowledge in order to understand where we Come from, who we are and the society within we live it shapes what we know and what we don't know. It is the social structures and institutions within society, which shape the content of knowledge systems, be it in medicine, religion, the political ideologies and so on. They decide who holds the power in within these knowledge systems.' They determine, for example, who has access to specialized knowledge languages (like medical training) and who has socially sanctioned and legal authority to make pronouncements on a given subject.'(Goldblatt 2000). Aside from specialized or expert knowledge there is also a different type of knowledge known as common sense knowledge. This is knowledge, which we all inherit or learn from family and friends, or acquire through outside influences accessible to us such as media or the Internet. It helps us understand or gain alternative knowledge on issues such as our health for example. It often comes in the shape of old wives tales, which have been passed down through generations. The dominant knowledge systems such as medicine religion and so on are not fixed however and when social change occurs, they are forced to respond to these changes, and in consequence it is also knowledge that can then influence change in society and determine how we live our lives. Throughout history society has seen many radical changes within its dominant knowledge systems. We have witnessesed major advances in scientific research, medicine, changes in ‘traditional' religious beliefs and challenges to the dominant political ideologies, particularly following the Second World War. One of the foremost debates today is whether or not there has been a decline in the trust of expert knowledge within all aspects of society. There have always been experts with specialized knowledge even in ancient times. However years ago experts in their field be it science, medicine or religion were always trusted their knowledge was respected and believed as true, scientists, doctors, priests and the like. Although they were never completely unchallenged the authority of their knowledge was secure. However it could be argued that at this time people had no way of acquiring the knowledge to know any different and had no reason to challenge the experts. In time however new discoveries in science, medicine, and with new communication technology evolving all the time in all aspects of society, allowed people much more access to alternative knowledge and information. With this new knowledge people began to ask questions and have their say regarding issues of importance to them. Also new experts were emerging all the time to challenge old knowledge systems. ‘Debates that were once confined to a small circle of influential figures and institutions within each of these traditions are now amplified through the enormously expanded means of communication that now exists' (Goldblatt 2000) It could be fair to argue then that it is not so much that there has been a decline in the trust of experts but that the old and traditional and trusted knowledge systems have become more diverse due to the emerge of alternate forms of knowledge within society, for example, alternative medicine, new political ideologies and so on. Following the 2nd world war feminism had a huge impact for women in all spheres of society. Science, medicine and religion, had largely been dominated by men throughout history. Women had been pretty much excluded from all these dominant knowledge systems. It was men who held superior patriarchy power within all aspects of society. This allows us then to not only question and discuss gendered knowledge but to also look at the interrelation between knowledge and power within these knowledge systems. Lets look at the at a feminist approach adopted by Fox Keller, with relevance to women's place within medical science. She argues that knowledge production is gendered and shaped by patriarchy within social structures in society. ‘Modern science †¦ is based on a division of emotional and intellectual labour in which objectivity, reason and mind are cast as male and subjectivity, feeling and nature are cast as female. Science involves a radical separation of subject and object and ultimately the domination of mind over nature. The result is a popular conception of science – one that is more suited to men than women'. (Fox Keller). An example of this is the Royal Society founded by Charles II in1662. It was argued that the knowledge produced within this society was because of its ‘gentlemanly origins. They saw the importance of objective knowledge over subjective knowledge within the field of science and medicine. Women's knowledge at this time was ‘devalued and relegated to folk medicine' (Thompson and woodward 2000). It was due to the fact that women were excluded from higher education and therefore unable to attend medical universities, hence were unable to enter the medical field without training. ‘Power over Knowledge was used to maintain a structure in which women were systematically excluded from a male medical monopoly' (Thompson and Woodward) Today however, due largely to the emerge of feminism, women now have equality with men in the medical profession, and other dominant knowledge systems such as religion. As with medicine religion too was dominated by the patriarchy power within society. In fact it wasn't until 1992 that women were finally accepted into the priesthood. In contemporary society women have challenged the patriarchy of old and traditional religious beliefs in favour of new understanding of religion and what it means for them. Many women now focus on a more spiritual beliefs, one movement dedicated to this is that of eco-feminism. ‘Eco-feminism is a new term for an ancient wisdom. As women in various movements – ecology, peace, feminist and especially health – rediscovered the independence and connectedness of everything, they also discovered what was called spiritual dimension of life – the realization of this interconnectedness was itself sometime called spirituality†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.The desire to recover, to regenerate [this] wisdom as a means to liberate women and nature from patriarchal destruction also motivated this turning towards spirituality.'(Mies and Shiva, 1997, p,500). So it is fair to argue that due to social change brought about by the emerge of feminism women have challenged both gendered knowledge and the power of knowledge in medicine and religion. The rise of Eco-feminism however is just one of the many alternative or new age beliefs within religion today. Which begs the question of religion in contemporary society and whether it is in decline. Or could it be that as with the knowledge system of medicine or expert knowledge in general, religion has become so diverse due to social change and the emerge of alternative religious beliefs brought about because of these changes. Religion has changed significantly throughout history. Following the emerge of the Royal Society and the intellectual movement throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, known as ‘The Age of Reason', (Enlightenment), it was argued that ‘Science replaced religion as the dominant source of knowledge'(Woodward and Watt 2000) However religion has always played an important role for people within society due to the fact that unlike scientific knowledge it is religion, which helps us make sense of the moral issues that, can affect us in our daily lives. Social scientists debate into the question is religion in decline is known as the secularization thesis. Some argue that it is modernization, which is a threat to traditional religious thinking by citing new age beliefs as being responsible for this. Some argue that people now fill their time with other leisure activities instead. It is also argued that other forms of thought have taken over religion such as science for example. The fact also that the UK is now a multicultural society means there are many diverse forms of religion apart from the church of England. There are two main approaches in this debate positivist, whose approach is based on observing peoples behaviour toward religion. They use quantitative evidence such as questionnaires and surveys, which is argued may be limiting. The interpretative approach however would argue humans cannot be observed in the same way as objects. There aim is understand what religion or people's beliefs mean to them and aim to explore those meanings from different perspectives. It can be argued that religion in contemporary society has become a significantly diverse knowledge system. Ethnic beliefs, women's challenge to patriarchal religion and the emerge of new age beliefs, be it alternative medicine or green issues have meant that the traditional Church of England the dominant form of religion any more. So in conclusion then this essay began by defining what is knowledge. It then proceeded by questioning expert knowledge with regard to social change. It then focused on two dominant knowledge systems medicine and religion and discussed how the emerge of feminism challenged the knowledge systems. Lastly it discussed briefly the role of religion in contemporary society and questioned whether it is in decline and the relevance of women's, ethnic and new age beliefs. It is fair to argue that the discussion in this essay does conclude that there is a significant link, not only between social change and knowledge but knowledge and social change.

Literary Analysis The Lesson Essay

The predominant theme in â€Å"The Lesson† composed by Toni Cade Bambara is creating an understanding to adolescents of all the opportunities life has to offer; a lesson on social class and having a choice which society you choose to live in. Miss. Moore who takes on the responsibility to educate the young ones has intentions of more than just taking the children to the store for amusement. Miss Moore’s informal lessons are aimed at educating the neighborhood children about how their lives differ from those of rich white children, nonetheless Miss Moore wants the children to see they can live the life of the rich and high society. An essential element that adds to the depth and enhances a reader’s comprehension of â€Å"The Lesson† is the author’s use of symbolism throughout the story. Sylvia, the narrator of the story, is a born leader. She is used to being in charge of what the rest of her friends think and do. Sylvia resents the appearance of Miss Moore in her life. Miss Moore is a new kind of black woman. She has no first name but is always addressed with her title. She has â€Å"nappy hair and proper speech and no makeup†(Bambara 98). The neighbors are not quite sure how to respond to her, which is illustrated by the way Sylvia describes her as someone to laugh at, â€Å"the way we did at the junk man,† (Bambara 98) who is considered arrogant and acting above his place. Sylvia also describes Miss Moore in terms of being an unpleasant obstacle, like the winos â€Å"who cluttered up our parks and pissed on our handball walls†(Bambara 98). Clearly the author shows the extent of which Sylvia dislikes Miss Moore. Although the people in the neighborhood are unsure of Miss Moore the parents of the children allow her to take them on an outing. Miss Moore, the children’s self appointed mentor, takes it upon herself to further their education during the summer months. She feels this is her civic duty because she is educated. She used F. A. O. Schwarz, a very expensive toy store, to teach them a lesson and inspire them to strive for success and attempt to better themselves and their situations. The extreme differences between the children’s neighborhood and the neighborhood of the toy store are first illustrated by the fact that the white people on Fifth Avenue wear furs and stockings even on a hot summer’s day. Then we check out that we on Fifth Avenue and everybody dressed up in stockings. One lady in a fur coat, hot as it is†(Bambara 99). The children are thrown off balance in this neighborhood, as if it were a foreign country where even the approach to temperature is different. To Miss Moore, education is the key to more money and improved social conditions. To Sylvia, being educated means seeing things as they are. Sylvia and Miss Moore both have a considerable amount of pride. Sylvia thinks Miss Moore shows disrespect when she describes their neighborhood as a slum and their families as poor. Bambara has indicated that Sylvia’s family is striving for better conditions through the mention of the piano rental. Miss Moore views the children’s acceptance of their economic condition as ignorance and their ignorance as disrespect for their race. Miss Moore wants to change this attitude and encourages the children to demand more from the society that keeps them down. By the end of the story, both of these characters have made their points. Sylvia realizes that she feels in competition not only with Miss Moore, but also with her good friend Sugar, who is ready to slide back into their usual behavior after having had some surprising insights about the day. Rather than accompany Sugar, Sylvia decides to go her own way and makes a promise to herself that no one will get ahead of her in the future. Miss Moore’s character, with her emphasis on education, is the symbol of one way to fight the usual, fatalistic acceptance of economic conditions by the poor â€Å"The Lesson† is a wonderful work of fiction because of its use of language, humanistic theme, and symbolism.

Monday, July 29, 2019

Literature Review for research on benefits of prekindergarten programs Essay

Literature Review for research on benefits of prekindergarten programs on literacy readiness - Essay Example The paper tells that Assel, Landry, Swank, and Gunnewig (2007) conducted an investigation to prove that American pre-school children lack sufficiency in language and literary skills to move forward to kindergarten. Prior to conducting this, they have their reference from two language and literacy curricula. In order to justify their point, Assel, Landry, Swank and Gunnewig created a pre and post-test design and initiated them to 603 children as chosen respondents plus a control group. In the data analysis, they formulated a multilevel growth curve modeling having child outcomes as dependent variables, while child’s level performance and rate of growth between pre and post test as independent variables. Based on the result, compared to those in the control group, the skills of children under language and literacy curricula have significant improvement. Thus, the proponents concluded that a well-specified curriculum in prekindergarten programs has a substantial impact on childre n’s learning. In conclusion, it is obvious that prekindergarten programs have remarkable impacts on children’s literacy. However, understanding this aspect requires careful evaluation of the subject matter itself. The entire issue is not only confined in the actual evaluation of children’s literacy skills but including their environment and especially the entire prekindergarten program itself. At this point, it would be remarkable to consider the most obvious about how prekindergarten programs could be maximized for children’s literacy benefits.

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Peer to Peer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Peer to Peer - Research Paper Example Moreover, this is usually implemented in P2P systems. The significant solutions are provided for the present problems that are mentioned in P2P systems (RODRIGUES, DRUSCHEL 2010): Application state maintenance Application-level node coordination Content distribution In this paper, interesting techniques along with related example are discussed. II. degree of centraliztion In the stem design, the architecture of P2P system is characterized according to the presence or absence of centralized elements (RODRIGUES, DRUSCHEL 2010). The centralized P2P system may include a committed node controller that helps to manage a set of contributing nodes and control the whole system. For example, the membership as, well as the content index is maintained by the website posse by Napster. Moreover, the initial version includes Bit Torrent ‘tracker’ that helps to keep track of all the uploading and downloading content. Thus provides a set of nodes if connected by peer. The BOINC platform consist a website that help to maintain the membership and allocate other computer related task. The log in system, account management and payment is managed by the Skype that contains a centralized website. In order to transmit content or other computer applications, resource-intensive is utilized. In fact, centralized P2P system can give organic growth and plentiful resources. ... III. decentralization of p2p networks There is no devoted nodes are present that are critical for the operating systems in the decentralized P2P system. In addition, the decentralized P2P system comprise no inherent bottlenecks are present. Moreover, this shortage of devoted nodes prevents the system from potential attacks, failure and legal challenges from the hackers. The nodes contain abundance of resources, high availability and publicly routable IP known as super nodes in several decentralized P2P systems. The rendez-vous point for nodes is considered as extra responsibilities of super nodes. These nodes are present behind firewalls, storing state or keeping an index of available content. In the P2P system, the super nodes can enhance the effectiveness but also it is involve in failure of nodes. IV. Distributed coordination Repeatedly, a number of nodes within the P2P application need to synchronize their activities without having a centralized administration or control. For exa mple, the group of nodes that duplicates a specific object needs to be synchronized for the updates associated with the object. (Sianati, Abbaspour et al. 2011) One more example of a node that is seeking for a specific streaming content segment will be curious to identify the node that is received by that channel i.e. the channel that is within reach and that has adequate upstream bandwidth. In this study we will incorporate two different methods for this issue; the first techniques will be epidemic techniques in which information is scattered virally from the workstation. The second technique will be a tree based method in which distribution trees are constructed for dispersing the information (RODRIGUES, DRUSCHEL 2010). Our primary focus will be on the decentralized

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Discussion 9 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion 9 - Assignment Example I absolutely agree with the facts and the study of this article because small and medium enterprises need to breakthrough to the bigger circle of business so that they can compete at a bigger level. Competition at a global level is going to benefit the customer. It keeps the companies on edge to deliver the best quality at the ideal price. If small and medium enterprises also adhere to the same principles where only 3.4 defects in every million possible defects shows the capability of six Sigma processes (Raghunath & Jayathirta 1), then it is only going to serve the society at a larger scale. It is not only going to help improve the quality of products in small and medium industries but it will also help modify the culture (Raghunath & Jayathirta 2). It is not about statistics, the process is based on scientific methodology that utilizes statistical thinking. By improving the quality through six Sigma methodologies that customers will benefit from the delivery of products and service s. Increasing competition decreases profit margins and that helps promote the SMEs. But they will need competent leadership management to effectively implement Six Sigma methodologies (Raghunath & Jayathirta 6). As a customer I want to see Six Sigma strategy implemented in SMEs. Ragunath, A. & Jayathirta, R. V. Barriers for implementation of Six Sigma by Small and Medium Enterprises. International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology. Vol. 2(2).

Friday, July 26, 2019

The impact of World War II Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The impact of World War II - Term Paper Example The roaring 20’s also give the rise to employment laws and regulations, which consisted of minimum wage, 8 hour work shifts, and 5 days of regular work. Ford was the first company to introduce this idea behind a clever strategy of consumer spending. If it enabled its workers to have spare time, they would spend it in leisure which would boost the nation’s economy. The 1920’s also was marked by the Great Depression that occurred post World War I. In addition, the 1920’s signified the ban of alcohol through prohibition, which drastically reduced the death rate from drinking. The 18th Amendment was one of the critical elements that banned.One of the more prevalent and essential events that occurred during the 1920s was discrimination and racism that plagued the nation. The rise of William Simmon in 1920’s was drastic as the emergence of the new Klan began. As immigrants continued to pour in from nations, Simmons used this as fear tactic and as an oppor tunity to reap money where he sold memberships along with life insurances. The rebirth of the KKK continues to gain strong support as, Catholics, Jews and Chinese became target of hate crime. The whole nation and even Congress itself passed the National Origins Act, which limited citizenship to immigrants. Anti-immigration legislation such as this one was a critical element as it marked the beginning of restricting immigrants after the open door policy. The Progressive Era, which lasted until the 1920’s, was a response to an industrial era and a shout for reform.... The whole nation and even Congress itself passed the National Origins Act, which limited citizenship to immigrants. Anti-immigration legislation such as this one was a critical element as it marked the beginning of restricting immigrants after the open door policy. The Progressive Era, which lasted until the 1920’s, was a response to an industrial era and a shout for reform. Its effects touched virtually all Americans and transformed the role of government in American society. The Progressive Movement was successful as it was promoted by both parties in Congress. One of the prominent players in this reform was Theodore Roosevelt, who used his passive presence to dominate the political scene. In two terms of service, he solidified the navy, won the noble prize, aggressively pursued the building of the panama canal, and played a vital role in ending the Japanese-Russian war. He gained popularity amongst his supporters and tremendously helped the nation in the reform movement. Th e New Deal was one of the most essential legislation that continues to be prominent in American history. This deal was introduced by Franklin Roosevelt, who had a vision of reform to boost the United States economy back on its feet. FDR gained so much popularity by citizens that he was elected four times due to his reputation and the ongoing of the War. The New Deal enabled the American government to passively play the role of a â€Å"big government.† Prior to the depression, society felt that the government did not play a big role in regional community. However, that soon changed as the government began to directly implement programs and services that effected peoples’ lives

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 16

Technology - Essay Example People spend most of their time with virtual people in the internet more than they do with those they know in real life. This makes them less relevant in the society as they end up being loners. Children spend most of their time playing video games instead of socializing with other children as those of the past did (Miller, 2013). Several events could not have occurred without the existence of the internet. Using emails to send and receive electronic mails, for instance, would not have been possible without the occurrence of the internet. Facebook and other social networks, which help subscribers keep in touch with friends, would not have existed without the internet. Skype, for instance, enables people to physically talk to each other, no matter the distance. This would not be possible before the internet age since one would have to travel to where the other person is to see them. Miller, P. (2013, May 1). I’m still here: back online after a year without the internet. Retrieved from The Verge:

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

The American Declaration of Independence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The American Declaration of Independence - Essay Example The signers concluded that the colonies must then break political ties with the British Crown and become "independent states with full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce" among others and that, representing every colony, they pledge "to stand by the Declaration with their lives, fortunes, and honor." The independence of these American colonies was however recognized by Great Britain only on September 3, 1783, by the Treaty of Paris (Wikipedia 2005). Leading Writers. According to Ingersoll (1856), the literature of American liberties was first edited by written constitutions of Virginia and North Carolina, who first seceded from the union, followed by Massachusetts or other States. As originators working not only for independence but for larger liberties, slave-holders took the lead. "Slave-holders in the undisturbed meditation of plantation life, with frequent transactions in State representations, were the two principal founders of American free government," he said. Ingersoll (1856) further said "every bill of rights and written constitution came first from the slave-holders; every American founder of American liberty had been a slave-holder." American bondman. Frederick Douglass, American bondman, was invited to give a speech in Rochester. He gave a scathing one on Americans celebrating their freedom day on the fourth of July while in their hypocrisy kept nearly four million humans as slaves. Speaking on the subject of "American slavery," he says he does not hesitate to declare, being identified with the American bondman, that the character of America never looked blacker to him than this Fourth of July" (Douglass, 1852). While they listened, he continues with rage - "Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty That he is the rightful owner of his own body You have already declared it. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery Is that a question for Republicans Is it to be settled by the rules of logic and argumentation, as a matter beset with great difficulty, involving a doubtful application of the principle of justice, hard to understand How should I look today in the presence of Americans, dividing and subdividing a discourse, to show that men have a natural right to freedom, speaking of it relatively and positively, negatively and affirmatively To do so would be to make myself ridiculous, and to offer an insult to your understanding. There is not a man beneath the canopy of heaven who does not know that slavery is wrong for him" (Ibid). Historian interviews. Horton (2001) who had interviewed several sectors of southern states says withdrawal from the United States of these colonies was "directly connected to the protection and preservation of their institution of slavery." Those in power in the south, he said, understood it as such. For example, he said, Georgian Governor Joseph Brown explained that Georgia seceded (just after South Carolina), considering that Lincoln was "a mere instrument of the

Employment Law - Employment Contracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Employment Law - Employment Contracts - Essay Example This rather surprising fact guides leaders in all types of organizations across the globe to believe that, rather than it being a mistake, that there are lessons to be learned from what has happened over the past two and a half decades, especially with regard to management types of issues (Harris, 2008). Over the course of the past 25 years, a lot of workforce issues have been revolutionized. Back in those rather unadorned times, "the law of labor and employment was a comparatively simple arena. The Fair Labor Standards Act required minimum wages and overtime and the Labor Management Relations Act protected employees' rights to form unions. OSHA was a three year old legal infant. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was still a sleeping giant. State law was 'at will' and 'right to work'" (Harris, 2008, p.1). Furthermore, "The economy was fueled by the heavily unionized 'smoke stack' industries of auto, steel, rubber and coal. Employee issues were often handled by payroll or 'personnel' clerks. Formal training in the field was concentrated in 'industrial relations,' i.e., dealing with unions, rather than 'human resources management'" (Harris, 2008, p.1). Although some of the aforementioned policies and rules changed and s... Unions are not needed to enforce OSHA, COBRA, ERISA, the Immigration Reform and Control Act, WARN, the ADEA, the ADA, the Employee Polygraph Protection Act, and most recently, the FMLA. Even that old sleeping giant, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, was roused by its 1991 amendments" (Harris, 2008, p.1). At the state level of sources, institutions, and most of all enforcements, individual employee rights take the form of 'wrongful discharge" and other solutions such as common law torts. These solutions have matured significantly over the past 25 years. Other developments in the area of individual employee rights at the state level include complexity of the court system, erudition of government agencies, and superiority of special interest groups. Furthermore, refinement has occurred among lawyers and in human resources (Harris, 2008). Now, employees can do things on their own that they could not do without support from organized groups in the past. They can still seek support from these groups, but are not obligated to (Harris, 2008). "As the law of individual rights grew, former personnel managers became trained in behavioral motivation, training, career development, counseling, appropriate discipline, fair policies, good communication and, most importantly, participatory management. Risk management and human resources development merged to afford better workplaces and an environment which made unions less and less appealing to employees. Old labor lawyers turned their experience in campaigning against unions to assist human resource managers cope with all the necessary changes. We became human resource counselors as well as union battle horses" (Harris, 2008, p.1). Changes that occurred in the economy were concurrent with the changes that occurred in

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

The Consumer Value from Online Shopping Research Proposal

The Consumer Value from Online Shopping - Research Proposal Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that consumer value basically refers to the satisfaction that the buyers get after purchasing a product. People belong to different localities and different age groups might have different views about the consumer value from online shopping and to prepare a marketing strategy for people of different ages and localities it is crucial to understand the differences in their thinking because an effective and adequate online marketing plan must cover some essential components like market analysis, marketing strategies specifically for internet, Design, and Contents plan for the website and consumer behavior analysis. Along with the spread of internet the trend of shopping online is also rising steadily and in this context, it is very necessary to understand that how much the consumers are getting value for the products that they shop online. The understanding of this issue is crucial because, in the highly competitive marketplace of today, interne t has emerged as an effective marketing tool   but to run the businesses online it is very necessary to have deep insight of the behaviors and psychographics of the online buyers so that marketing strategies could be designed according to the consumer behaviors. Berthon, Pitt, Watson discovered that online consumer is not an easy target for the marketers. and to be successful the marketing plan must possess the value factor as a leading device that should be used in the advertisements, promotional messages, information about the products etc and the value should be expressed in a way that the consumer can notice the value attached with the product. Before designing a marketing plan for online shopping it is again very important that there should be a comprehensive research that unfolds all the issues that how the people belonging to different age groups people view the idea of shopping online, how they are attracted towards products online and how do they view the product value th at they shop online. In this regard, it is also important to understand the thinking style and opinions of the people belonging to different age groups like teen 15-20, 21-29, 30-39, and 40 and above. Hence in this study opinions will be gathered from the people belonging to these different groups so that their behavior could be interpreted in the marketing plan.

Monday, July 22, 2019

Free

Freedom of the Press Essay The opinion of Americans about speech freedom is ambiguous. Ask any American, Kurtli writes, about disengagement of speech and media in the US, and you will hear a loud resentment from the irresponsibility of the media, who, without hesitation, climb into the privacy of the stars, politicians and ordinary citizens, reveal state secrets, thereby raising the ratings of TV programs and newspaper runs. Freedom Forum carried out a research on this topic. A survey carried out in 2002 showed that, in the opinion of 42% of the respondents, too much disengagement was provided to the media. The accuracy of this assessment is subjective. There is no doubt that the US legislation provides for perhaps the most extensive measures in the world to protect the rights of the media, as a result of which the guarantees of intellectual freedom in the United States are truly impressive. Freedom Forum carried out a research on this topic. A survey carried out in 2002 showed that, in the opinion of 42% of the respondents, too much disengagement was provided to the media. The accuracy of this assessment is subjective. There is no doubt that the US legislation provides for perhaps the most extensive measures in the world to protect the rights of the media, as a result of which the guarantees of intellectual freedom in the United States are truly impressive. Americans value their disengagement of speech and media. This is due to the fact that it creates an intellectual market of ideas. The US media has a wide field for expressing opinions and stand guard, which allows the people to directly monitor government decisions and take part in them, and allows a wide variety of ideas to be tested in the market of symbolic designs. Such laws are based on the main rectification to the main law. This, in turn, means that the American defense of intellectual expression is based on the norms of English common law, in accordance with the nature and principles of which the laws are subject to exegetics by the judges. Such exegetics is carried out in the form of decisions on specific court cases instituted on the basis of claims by private individuals or the state represented by its public representatives. The prime adjudicator is the US Supreme Court. Before the victory in the War, the British colonies respected many laws of the Parliament governing the basic rules and setting the total volume of freedom of expression. Media was obliged to be licensed. Legally appointed officials were responsible for the conformity of future publications unacceptable in the society of that time and qualified as the dissemination of slanderous fabrications for subversive purposes. It is not surprising that by the end of the 18th century, the inhabitants of the North American colonies began to suffer from these restrictions. Then disengagement of speech became a sign of good governance. As Franklin himself wrote, freedom of the media is the disengagement, for which every pensioner should be ready to fight and die. The opinion of Franklin was shared by the largest theorists of American constitutionalism, Jefferson, and Madison. Jefferson believed that the political consciousness of the people depends directly on the freedom of the press. A free media is the only real guarantee of security for all. In turn, Madison argued that public administration without free circulation of information is a real prolog to farce and tragedy. As for the legal precedents of defending free-thinking, we can refer to the case when, on November 17, 1734, the newspaper publisher from New York was accused of disseminating slanderous fabrications for subversive purposes for publishing anonymous criticism in the New York Weekly Journal to the British governor-general Cosby. Thanks to a lawyer, the publisher was acquitted by a jury. The lawyer managed to convince the jury that no one can be sentenced to criminal punishment for public criticism of the authorities, especially when such criticism corresponds to the real state of affairs. Thus, the legal mechanism for protecting media and delivering a true date to people in America deserves attention and is an example to follow for many countries. References Freedom of the press, William L.Chenery Greenwood Press 1977 Freedom of the press, Merrill F.Hartshorn National Education Association of the United States 1980 Freedom of the press: rights and liberties under the law, Nancy C.Cornwell ABC-CLIO 2004

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Social and Economic conditions on NHS Funding

Social and Economic conditions on NHS Funding In the middle ages, access to health care and sanitation facilities was only available to people belonging to a sound socio-economic background. Hill, Griffiths and Gillam (2007) state that in earlier time, even ensuring the supply of clean water and sanitation facilities was a tough task for municipal authorities. It was not until eighteenth century when provision of health services began to get recognition as governments responsibility. The NHS was founded in 1948 and is the currently the worlds largest health service that is publicly funded. The basic idea behind the establishment of the NHS was to ensure that people from all kinds of socio-economic backgrounds receive health facilities without any discrimination. This makes the service free for any individual who is a resident of the UK. According to the official statistics of the NHS, it deals with about 1 million patients every 36 hours. Funds for the NHS come directly from taxation. The NHS budget for 2008-2009 was more than  £100 billion, which means a contribution of about  £1980 by every individual in the UK. Considering the fact that health and education are the most important public services on any governments priority list, however the functionality of these services is directly related to the social and economic conditions. Same goes for the NHS, which has faced management crisis during times of economic austerity, both in present and the past. Although the NHS has seen a sharp increase in funding over the last few decades, however, given the current economic recession, the chances of future funding are quite uncertain. It is feared that either the NHS will go through a funding cut or the government will have to resort to tax-raising measures. Health Care and Social and Economic Conditions: Although good health is a need of every individual, however, the access to health care services is greatly dependent on the social and economic conditions of both the individual and the country he is residing in. An individual can either opt for a private health care service, which is subjected to his willingness and ability to pay for it, or is dependent on the services provided by the government. A large proportion of the population goes for the latter option. A poor socio-economic condition of the country means that either a person sacrifices on his health or will forgo any other of his basic needs in order to pay for medical bills. According to the Social Care Report 2008-2009 issued by the Health Committee of the House of Commons, A care gap may occur if people avoid using services wither because of affordability issues or if the services do not meet their requirement. The report also claims that the past three years have seen a significant drop in the number of people using the public sector health services, despite of the fact that the countrys ageing population have increased by 3%. This makes it apparent that either the public cannot afford to pay for the health care services or the government is finding it difficult to ensure the provision of standardized health facilities on equality basis. At the same time, given the economic crises, the government itself also gets stingy with providing funds due to lack of resources. Consequently, the quality of service provided by the NHS is compromised. Fowler (Taylor and Field 1998, p. 158) states that lack of resources means that new hospital building would not be built advanced medical technology and equipment could not be purchased and the staff would be working under conditions that would demotivate them. This directly questions the value for money provided by the NHS services. George and Miller (1997) state that in 1960s and 1970s politicians started to doubt the economic viability of a universalist welfare state. They argued that achieving economic growth is the governments primary objective that is being sidelined due to increasing public expenditure. Consequently, they demanded a cut in public expenditure, which meant less funding for public sector health services. Powell (George and Miller 1997, p. 8) claimed that public expenditure has overshot economic growth by a substantial margin, thus resulting in disastrous financial effects including internal inflation, external devaluation and foreign indebtedness. Lees (George and Miller 1997, p. 8) argued that medical care should be treated like any other commodity available in the private market. This will not only make the NHS more cost efficient, but will also make it less politicized and will offer more consumer choice. Although while debating on making the public health services free at the point of use, many social scientists and economists agree that it can be easily funded by taxation, they tend to overlook other factors, which may directly or indirectly effect the NHS funding. McLeod and Bywaters (2000) argue that the inflationary pressures on the NHS funding of the pharmaceutical and medical technology industries and the continued presence of private health care services are two major constraints on measures for equitable health care. Moreover, the deteriorating condition of hospital buildings and their repair and maintenance costs also add to the financial pressures. Funding Public Health Services: Although the funds for the functionality of the NHS are directly acquired from taxation, however, it should be noted that all the capital works such as building hospitals are funded through Private Finance Initiative (PFI). This means that these capital works are being financed through loans raised by private sector financing institutions. According to Pollock, Shaoul and Vickers (2002) this is a very expensive way of financing the NHS. Using Private Finance Initiative requires the NHS to pay an annual fee including the cost of borrowing. Considering the fact that the NHS is a free service at the point of use, this method leads to an affordability gap for the NHS trusts. As a result, the NHS is forced to resort to external subsidies, charitable donations, sale of assets and even cuts in bed capacity and hospital staff. This in return makes the NHS questionable as the idea behind its establishment was to ensure access to health facilities to everyone without any class difference. When a large proportion of a service is being funded by the tax payers, then the service providers are suppose to make sure that they are being cost efficient and provide the value for money. Unfortunately, this has not been the case with the NHS. Davies (2007) states that the NHS was provided with unprecedented funds, however it still overspent by a substantial amount. Moreover, clinical outcomes, waiting periods and the level of satisfaction of patients are all less as compared to that provided by private health care services. According to Davies (2007), the government argues that if the NHS manages itself efficiently, the NHS trusts can achieve significantly positive results. Conclusion: The problems in the health sector are similar to any other economic problem. It is facing a price hike due to gaps in demand and supply. The list of people waiting to get medical treatments is mounting up but there is a shortfall of resources to cater that list. One suggestion given to deal with the problem is to impose user charges on the services provided by the NHS. Some critics argue that if user charges are imposed it will give two benefits. Firstly, it will generate funds for the NHS to finance the shortfall. Secondly, people will start taking care of their health and will make healthy choices in order to avoid seeking a medical care. The first argument is a socially unfair argument. The current economic conditions are such that people make sacrifices even when choosing in between the basic necessities. Imposing user charges on health means that they will start avoiding seeking medical treatment not because they do not need it, but because they cannot afford it. The second argument requires one to assume that people are aware and educated enough about what right choices they need to make in order to seek minimum medical help. Countries like France and Germany have already tried this approached and it only resulted in undermining the ef ficiency of public sector health services, rather than helping to achieve the required results. Therefore, imposing user charges for the NHS consumers should not be considered. Instead, the government and the NHS trusts should look for alternative instruments. In order to deal with the problem the government will have to make both short term and long-term strategies. In short term, it should be ensured that the NHS becomes cost efficient and the consumers get value for their money. This can be done by minimizing dependency on the private finance initiative. On long term basis, preventive measures should be taken and the emphasis should be on primary care. People should be educated such that take care of their health so that they are least prone to diseases. REFRENCES Davies, P 2007, The NHS in the UK 2007/08, London. George, V and Miller, S 1997, Social policy towards 2000: squaring the welfare circle, Routledge, London. Hill, P, Griffith, S and Gillam, S 2007, Public health and primary care: partners in population health, Oxford university Press Inc., New York. McLeod, E and Bywaters, P 2000, Social work, health and equality, Routledge, London. Taylor, S and Field D 1998, Sociological perspectives on health, illness and health care, Blackwell Science Ltd., London. Pollock, A, Shaoul, J and Vickers, N 2002, Private finance and value for money in NHS hospitals: a policy in search of a rationale, viewed 21 October 2010, Thomson, S, Foubister, T and Mossialos E 2010, Can user charges make health care more efficient?, viewed 21 October 2010, 2004, Health Economics, Biz/ed, viewed 21 October 2010,

Crossâ€Cultural Management in Albania

Cross–Cultural Management in Albania Brunilda Mucollari Daniela Hallaci Jona Likskendaj Arli Barxhani Eraldo Bode Date: 01/20/2014 Course: Organizational Behavior Leadership Instructor: Dr. Perparim Dervishi Part I â€Å"Culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy. Cultural differences are a nuisance at best and often a disaster.† (www.uscivilizatio.com) Globalization, the land on which Cross – Cultural Management was sawed Intro Globalization is now becoming the future of the world. Humanity is now walking on the path that leads to, what we call â€Å"Becoming One†. Technology innovation is the main factor of this process. It brings people and cultures up together and by doing so they learn and enjoy each other’s way of living. The process seems to be long and basically changing us and bringing in front what we can consider positive or negative effects. People from different cultures in fact might have conflicts when working together, or they might share experiences and improve their selves. Cultures intercept each other to exchange knowledge, traditions and experience and history has taught this to us. On the other hand has also taught us that cultures exchange goods. At this point we come to the creation of a distinct concept; Cross – Cultural Management. Cross-Cultural Management â€Å"Cross-cultural management explains the behavior of people in organizations around the world and shows them how to work in organizations with employees and client populations from many different cultures.† (Kawar, 2012) Multinational companies existed as early as 2 000 B.C.; the Assyrians, the Phoenicians, the Greeks and the Romans – they all had their own version of globalize trading. Multinational Management is getting more and more necessary for all kinds of branches as the global market is shrinking. In the past century operation between advanced industrial countries had it up and downs. Because of the two world wars this partnership came to a halt. This wars, on the other hand gave a boost later on to the global market. After and between the two wars the World Bank was Created, International Monetary Fund and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and after the Berlin Wall fall new markets were opened to the free trade. These new emerging markets gave chances and opportunities to the business sector to increase their revenues. In fact every country has its culture and makes them distinguishable from each other, as in fact every country has its middle class that was and is willing to buy more international products and services. The need to decrease the costs without affecting the revenue but on contrary increase them makes the global entrepreneurs to invest and construct th eir plants in locations that provide lower cost of production. While companies grow and enter the international trade, their size increases with their earnings. When this happens the companies need to established their activity overseas and after than monitoring their activities across the border. This is in fact where cross-cultural management enters on the stage. Under these circumstances more and more the need for management is needed in the operations abroad. Managers often are part of the shareholder’s nationality, in other words an American business in Albania will definitely send an America citizen to manage their operations in Albania. The cultures are different between the two countries and this diversification brings up its problems. Problems â€Å"Cross†?!?! Dealing with people from different cultures and nationalities has its own problems. The main problem that Cross-Cultural Management faces is barriers. Barriers complicate the ongoing of operations and processes and tend to create mostly misunderstandings. The main barriers are: Language Culture Company Culture Language is the first tool when interacting with people. English is accepted as the international language all around the world and business has embraced this idea, but every country uses its own language firstly when dealing and communicating. Having said so, people have to learn first English even though it is not enough. The problem here is that words can lose their meaning when translated and the thought also. Culture also creates a huge barrier by its set of values, language, behavior, business ethics, expected etiquette or expressions. So if a manager operating in a foreign culture does not know the differences in the hosting culture, his or her message can be misunderstood. Company Culture mainly is considered as the norms and expectations that a company implies. This includes policies and specific procedures, the basis of a company’s culture. When a company enlarges its operations it is needed to find a connection between the cultures in order for the company culture to be accepted by the hosting culture. Culture shape Cross-Cultural Management! The vast part of a culture is absorbed by people during their childhood by the interaction with the surrounding people and environment and by doing so it helps people live within their society. Culture can be found on four different levels: National Level has to do with the differences between cultures in a national point of view. It deals with the values that people learn during their early life that becomes unchangeable and saint for them. Organizational level is the culture that is created within an organization and that is superficial. This culture is different from the company culture because it can change from an organization to another within the same country. Occupational level deals with different cultures created within an organization. This means that different cultures can be created in all departments of an organization. Gender level has to do with the cultures men and women create within their gender. This level can be defined as the most common one. In fact all the upper paragraphs are a theoretical overview of Cross-Cultural Management and this is what generally happens around the world but will all this theory feet in the Albanian reality. To give an idea about this point an Albanian case is presented in the second part of the paper. Part II EDUCATIONAL CENTRE RESEARCH Presentation of the Problem There are differences in cultures in general between countries, in addition to this there are differences among working countries as well. The problem is how this affects the way of managing the organization. Educational Centre is a company that operates in six countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Rumania, Montenegro, and Serbia. It is a Greek company and it has succeeded well. It is interesting to see how the different Bookshops are dealing with culture differences. Educational Centre main office is placed in Thessaloniki, Greece and it has branches in six countries. We will concentrate our thoughts on the below: Are there any differences in how the six offices in the different countries are managed? If yes, are they a result of national business culture differences? If not, why are there no differences? Purpose The purpose of this research is to get an insight on how difficult is to manage a company across cultures. The purpose is to come up with a result that will reflect this or with a solution to dealing with differences. Countries of Study The countries in the study are the branches of Educational Centre in six countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Moldova, Rumania, Montenegro, Serbia Research Method There are different approaches in developing a research paper. We have chosen the qualitative method which is more about having long interviews with a smaller amount of people in order to get more detailed information. The purpose of this method is to receive thorough descriptions and it is very useful when you do not know much of the phenomenon, or very small amounts of researches have already been done, as in the case of Educational Centre. Although the qualitative approach does not give any foundation, which can be used as a generalization for results. The purpose of the research is to get more thorough knowledge and understanding how Educational Centers in six countries , the qualitative approach will be used with a deductive approach. Six branch managers in six countries will be interviewed. The selective selection of the interviews has been on the purpose of getting in contact with people that have great insight on how things work in an Educational Centre. So the analysis of the Qualitative approach will consist: Type of Data: Qualitative data, text sections which illustrate theoretical variables or categories Flexibility: Big Data and analysis: Interpret , in consecutive order and integrated with data collection Use beyond the concrete examination: Transferability All the interviews were intended to be filled in an sent back by email but in the end we had to Skype called and filled in with the answers. What is culture? Culture is a set of basic values, perceptions, wants and behaviors, related to achievement and success, activity and involvement, efficiency and practicality, progress, comfort, individualism, freedom, humanitarianism, youthfulness, fitness and health. Culture is the most basic cause of a person’s wants and behavior, learned by a member of the society from the family, his own life experience and other important institutions; COMPANY CULTURE? Organizational Culture: is the set of values, norms, standards of behavior, and common expectations that control the ways individuals and groups in an organization interact with each other and work together to achieve the organizational goals. The History of Educational Centers The Educational Centers were first opened in Rumania and Bulgaria in 1992 (at that time known as Oxford Centers) providing the exclusivity of Oxford University Press in both ELT and Academic publications. Mr. Petros Papasarantoupoulos is their owner. Later on in 1994 they opened the offices in Serbia, Montenegro, Albania and Moldova. The business has increased rapidly by the novelty it offered in six countries which before 1990 were all isolated to foreign publishing’s and were eager to leering foreign languages which was totally forbidden in communist times. In the coming years the business was going to expand to more than just an International Bookshop. It was going to Provide International Exams and International Qualifications for Teachers which was so much needed in order to meet the international standards. The Vision of Educational Centers Expand and the success of the business was due to a vision which Educational Centre followed: BETTER BOOKS, BETTER SERVICES. This was the philosophy everybody had to be focused how to be better. The Educational Centre Organization The company has such a flat structure. The Central Office is in Thessaloniki Greece and the branches are in the below countries directly depending on the Main office Thessaloniki: Educational Centre Albania Educational Centre Bulgaria Educational Centre Rumania Educational Centre Serbia Educational Centre Montenegro Educational Centre Moldova Results and Analysis It is important in analyzing the central office and the inspiration that this central office located in Thessaloniki is transmitting to its subordinate, Managers in six countries. Out of the questionnaire that is Appendix 1 at the end of this research paper resulted that , The global manager was a skilled one and he almost always took care of all the skills he is required to have in order to be successful. He paid too much attention of the regional differences in terms of subordinate and much more attention in terms of suppliers in international cultures. Attention was paid to his subordinates in terms of respect and always asked for the best possible to include all his managers in setting strategies and being involved in team decisions. So ethical values that they should respect in the company were central to the CEO of Educational Centers . Business Culture Due to the fact that almost all of these countries were mainly coming out of the Communism effects in the 1990s they were relatively quiet new to business culture. While people in Greece, from antiquity, have been quite skilled with business and trade. A new culture was imposed to these people in the all these countries. They were more than open to a new business and especially focused in Foreign Literature. But there was needed a knowhow to settle it in a conservative market. The imposed culture in all these countries has been almost similar but being adapted in the way it could have been most successful. The results given in this table are coming as an analysis of the questionnaire given to the Managers in all these countries, revealed in the Appendix 2 in the end. In the analysis you will see that there are some slight changes between management in some countries due to the slight cultural differences. The Analysis In all these countries as we may see there are a lot of similarities. First of all the structure is flat and the people are freely invited to talk to local managers and express their opinions. Every company uses first name based communications, which makes the atmosphere more warm and human based. The employee seems to be trusted only 10% turnover seems to be present in some countries, which means that people feel comfortable and happy to work for the company. The company pays attention to the worked by organizing trips and meetings which helps so much in building the team spirit. An important impact from the analysis is also the values inside the company. People from the selection phase before entering the job are requested to be honest, responsible, loyal which are important in building a team spirit inside the companies. Although may be slight changes in the order and qualities requested as the most important in a company. But they all are important and they all respect an inspired top management atmosphere. Cross Cultural differences There may be seen slight changes in the way people from these different countries see their colleagues in the other countries concerning the way they express their emotions. Some countries are more open than the others, but what is important is that they all pay attention in respecting their colleagues in other countries. We may also have to take into consideration if these is all the work of them or is an inspired leader to dictate their way? If we base our self at Appendix 1 analysis we will see that the figure of the Top Management shows how much are taken in to consideration the differences between cultures before making a decision and all the skills required to be a good manager in a cross cultural environment. Being a successful manager means: Gather information information about other cultures Have an open-minded approach to different cultures and values Show cultural differences and make the others aware of them and understand and gain valid experiences from them Learn from other cultural experiences and train people to attend cross cultural training and sessions All the above points are some of the most important noticed at the Educational Centre Top Management characteristics, which make him a skilled Global Manager. Results The noticeable result out of the research was that between Educational Centers in these countries tried hard to keep a unique culture, norms and values. The way that this is shown is that in every Educational Centre, everyone is participating in team building activities. The way they are all coping with cultural differences is very inspiring; it may seem somehow restricted to the Top management way. It is how they are working on preserving their own values and norms that are remarkable. From the very first day as an employee you will feel the culture and values within the institution, if you are not in tune with them they will be enforced upon you. So a newcomer will by rule follow the company trainings and then the sister companies trainings until being part of a trained team. The managers also participate in routine checkups to ensure that the staff is living by these norms, the staff answers questions regarding if the managers are working by them as well. You could say that Educational Centre does not fail on the aspect of taking in mind other countries’ cultures. They know about the different cultures in the countries where they enter, in order not to offend anyone. But they go on by imposing a similar culture. It is almost impossible for Educational Centers to offer what market offers, they have to be unique in what offer and their concept – it has been a winning concept so far. The main concerns for these companies, such as Educational centers, are to make sure they have strong culture on their own. They should have clear values and norms and this should be diffused throughout the entire organization. It is also necessary that everyone feels comfortable making their voice heard working in an environment with differences in cultures. If they would not be so open in the organization and having such a flat hierarchy there probably would be a lot more complications. References Publishing References Cross Cultural Management, Ray French , second edition, cipd Ajohannssen and P.A.Tufte 2003 Hofstede , Geert and Hofstede , Gerty Jan 2005 Interviews: B. Mucollari – Educational Centre Albania(Manager) R. Saric- Educational Centre Serbia(Manager) G. Puerda – Educational Centre Romania(Manager) T. Cernoc- Educational Centre Moldova (Manager) Bogovac – Educational Centre Montenegro (Manager) K. Tetova – Educational Centre Bulgaria (Manager) http://uscivilization.wordpress.com/2011/10/08/01/ Kawar, T.I (2012). Cross-cultural Difference in Management.Journal of Business and Social Science , 3(6), 107.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Enlightenment and Tartuffe :: Free Essays Online

Enlightenment and Tartuffe The ideals of the Enlightenment can be found in many of the writings from this time period. There are a few characteristics that are commonly associated with the Enlightenment. This was the age of reason. People at this time began to apply rational thoughts to figure out and understand nature and to guide their human existence. In Moliere’s Tartuffe, this ideal is expressed through the character of the king. In the end, Tartuffe has brought an officer of the king back to take Orgon away. However, in Tartuffe’s attempt to get Orgon arrested, the king saw through him and reasoned that Tartuffe was the one to be accused and put to trial. Another defining characteristic is the desire for equality and dignity for all, the thought that all have a set of basic human rights. The Enlightenment also challenged many of the former ideologies, one of which was ignorance. Tartuffe exemplifies these characteristics through the character Dorine. Dorine is Mariane’s lady-maid, in other words, someone with a low social standing because she is a member of the working class, and presumably ignorant because of this low social status. However, in the story, she is much smarter than Orgon and also a lot more reasonable. This shows that it does not matter what social class one comes from to determine their level of intelligence. Her closeness and acceptance by the family, with the exception of Orgon, shows that people can be viewed for their own worth and value. Dorine is someone from a lower social standing than the family, but yet, is able to socialize and befriend the family she works for. Another challenge is to superstition, deception, and oppressive traditions. Tartuffe is a character that is related to the church and yet is a very deceptive, hypocritical character. He is able to con Orgon into letting him into his home. Furthermore, Orgon is deceived into disinheriting his own son and leaving all the inheritances to Tartuffe. Orgon is an example of the oppressive person who tries to maintain complete control.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Personal Growth in College Essay examples -- essays research papers

So far, the college experience has made me a changed person. College changed me into a better person on many occasions. I have learned to be more responsible, when it comes down to getting work done. In college you must be responsible. I have also changed my attitude. Moving from high school to college is a big step; if you don’t change your ways for the better then you might not be successful in college. When you reach college then is the time that you become an adult. First off, the college life has changed me for the better. I am much more responsible in many different ways. I had to change my study habits, or should I say I have to get study habits. I high school I never studied, because everything came so easy to me and I could just do the work and end up with passing grades. When I reached college I tried to do the same thing and it didn’t work. I had to start studying on a daily basis and it was hard to go from not doing any work to studying every night and on the weekends, I wasn’t use to that, but I had to make it a habit or I was not going to make it. Going to school everyday was not a problem because my parents made me go everyday, my major change was my study habits. Secondly, the main thing is to be responsible and make the right decisions. In college you have to make decisions and it is hard. Peer pressure come in hard when you get to college, for example you could have a test that you need to study for and there is a party that you want to go to, and all of ...

Thursday, July 18, 2019

An After Thought of Short Stories

Was he trying to tell us something that we already knew but were to blind to see? Well when I read the quote I immediately thought of two short stories After the Sirens by Hugh Hood, and Here There Be Tygers by Ray Bradbury. When reading these two pieces of material one can easily decipher that there is no validity to conflicts that end in death because then no one wins. In both of these stories the authors have depicted their philosophy on chaos and disaster even though it was not said in those exact words. Therefore, because the two stories have no relation there is a contrast in the message being sent to us. This specific quote by Jefferson creates a mood for the readers to kind of set the setting for the whole idea of disaster. When using settings the authors are very careful to include certain details that will help the reader to picture in there mind what exactly is taking place. Hugh Hood did a very good job at this when he wrote the short story After the Sirens. This particular story took place at 4:45 in the morning, in North America somewhere close to New York City. Hood set several moods throughout the story such as frustration, panic, confusion and hysteria to allow the reader to feel what the characters felt. In Here There Be Tygers Ray Bradbury set the time frame to a futuristic point of view on Planet 7 of star system 84. In this particular short story Bradbury describes the planet in great detail giving the reader a feel for the great beauty of the wonderland referred to as a planet. One of the characters decides that he wants to use the planet to his benefit and then get the hell out of there, but as he soon finds out things do not exactly go as he plans. Therefore one can tell that the setting is one of the most important characteristics of a story of any kind. A character is a person involved in a play, story, etc used to create personality. In After the Sirens the father of the family was made the main character and was portrayed as a hero like figure. He knows exactly what to do and how to handle the situation. He stays calm in order to save his family from any major damage. Another of the main characters was the wife. She was the exact opposite of the husband in the fact that she was totally hysterical. She added to the panic and allowed the reader to feel what she was feeling. Other characters in the story included the baby who did not really play a significant role in the whole idea, and the news broadcaster. The news broadcaster was also filled with a huge amount of hysteria and panic and set the whole mood for the reader. In the story Here There Be Tygers the main character was an uncaring, selfish man named Chatterton. He was more concerned of what he could get from the planet than the good the planet could do for him. Some of the changes that occurred with this character include the major fact that he dies due to his rude and careless behavior that caused the planet to take action and kill him. Other characters that had some what of a significant role include; Driscoll, the man who stayed on the planet after he took a great liking to it, then there was Captain Forester the leader of the whole expedition, and lastly Koestler who was basically just a follower along for the work and not really noticed a great deal. Theme is the whole topic or idea that the author chooses to illustrate to the reader. The message that Hugh Hood while writing After the Sirens was sending to his reader was basically that war is pointless, no one wins and no one looses and the innocent bystanders are always the ones to get caught in the middle. Some specific quotes that Hood included in the reading were: Over in half an hour, and nobody won, as well as How many died asked the father. Everybody in the area, almost no exceptions. Youre a statistic now, thats what you are.. Lastly Hood said that They were the seventh, eighth, and ninth living persons to be brought there after the sirens.. Ray Bradburys main message that he was trying to send in Here There Be Tygers was that we should respect planets even if they dont belong to us. There is no point to destroying it because soon enough there wont be anything left to destroy and then where does that leave you Some particular Quotes used were I have to much respect for other worlds to treat them the way you want to as well as the idea suggested by Forester the perhaps the planet was a woman waiting for visitors for millions of years. Preparing herself, making herself beautiful, and putting on her best face. When Chatterton treated her badly, she warned him a few times, and then when he tried to ruin her beauty she eliminated him. In conclusion one can see that the whole idea that was sent by each author was not said exactly in the words most were looking for but described through the theme to send out a message to each reader. Simply by pointing out certain topics such as setting, character and theme to help get the point across can prove the contrast between stories. Basically the events that occurred throughout each story most certainly have become clearer pointing out the setting and how it changes and the moods it sends to the reader. As well the character area points out the protagonist and how he/she changes and some of the other significant characters. Lastly, the theme part of the idea explains more clearly the authors purpose and certain quotes, ideas and messages that he wrote to help the reader to understand it better. In conclusion one can see that it helps a reader to understand short storys, novels etc when such topics as setting, character and theme can be clearly stated.

CDA Competence Goals Essay

I. To form and maintain a pencil eraser, healthy education surroundings. 1. Safe view offer ups a safe environment to prevent and reduce injuries. 2. rose-cheeked scene elicits good health and maintenance and provides an environment that contributes to the prevention of illness. 3. Learning environs Candidate uses space, births, materials, and routines as resources for constructing an interesting, secure, and enjoyable environment that encourages and fosters trust, play, exploration, interaction, and learning. II. To advance physical and intellectual competence.4. physiological Candidate provides a variety of development aloney appropriate equipment, learning experiences, and t severallying strategies promote the physical development (fine motor and unwashed motor) of children. 5. Cognitive Candidate provides activities and opportunities that encourage curiosity, exploration, and paradox solving appropriate to the development levels of mortally child. 6. Communication Candidate actively communicates with children and provides opportunities and book for children to understand, acquire, and use verbal and nonverbal kernel of communicating thoughts and feelings.7. Creative Candidate provides opportunities that didder children to play with sound, rhythm, language, materials, space and ideas in separate ways and to express their creative abilities. III. To endure social and emotional development and to provide positive guidance. 8. Self Candidate provides a warm, positive, supportive relationship with distributively child, and helps each child learn about and return key pride in his or her individual and cultural identity. 9.Social Candidate helps each child feel accepted in the group, helps children learn to communicate and get on with others, and encourages feelings of empathy and mutual respect among children and adults. 10. Guidance Candidate provides a supportive environment and uses stiff strategies to help all children learn and cour se session appropriate and acceptable behaviors as individuals and as a group, and effectively provides support for children with obstinate challenging behaviors. IV.To establish positive and procreative relationships with families. 11. Families Candidate establishes a positive, cooperative relationship with each childs family, engages in two-way communication with families, encourages their involvement in the computer program, and supports the childs relationship with his or her family. V. To ensure a well-run, purposeful program responsive to participant needs. 12. Program direction Candidate is a manager who uses all available resources to ensure an effective operation.The Candidate is a competent organizer, planner, record keeper, communicator, and a cooperative coworker. VI. To maintain a inscription to professionalism. 13. Professionalism Candidate makes decisions based on noesis of researched-based early childhood practices, promotes high-quality child give care servic es, and takes advantage of opportunities to improve knowledge and competence, twain for personal and professional growth and for the emolument of children and families.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Martha Stewart Trial

Martha Stewart went on rivulet on January 12, 2004 for conspiracy, obstruction of justice, securities fraud and making stupid statements in the agate line trading grime at ImClone Systems. Stewarts change of more or less 4,000 shares of blood in ImClone Systems created suspicions of insider trading. After examine the matter, the federal prosecutors suspected that she deliberately assay to mislead their investigation. It is considered a Federal felony for psyche to falsify or cover a material fact and to knowingly book any materially false statement.The ladder was to determine whether Martha Stewart was a criminal who be to the government about merchandising stock based on an inside breath or just an investor who saved money with a smart bet on the market. The Securities and Exchange Commission noniced an queer coincidence between tradeing a large number of shares by the chief executive officer of ImClone and Martha Stewart and began an investigation to determine if Martha Stewart was guilty of insider trading. surface-to-air missile Waskal later confirmed that the sale of his shares was overdue to an advance word that the FDA rejected the operations programme for the approval of the cancer medicate. CNNMoney, 2004) The government utter that Stewart saved about $45000 by selling stock in ImClone on celestial latitude 27th, 2001. She said she sold the stock because she and Bacanovic, her Merrill kill & Co. broker, had a pre-existing agreement to sell when the stock fell to $60. (Answers. com) During the trial, Douglas Faneuil, Stewarts brokers assistant, testified that he canted Stewart on orders from his boss, Peter Bacanovic about Waksals sale of ImClone shares.Faneuils testimony was important to the governments contention that Stewart sold the ImClone shares after she legitimate news from ImClone CEO Sam Waksal and she did not have an agreement with Bacanovic to sell the stock when it fell to $60 a share. In her defense, Stewarts attor ney told the judge that Faneuil at unlike times had been advised to tell the verity to investigators and the SEC, but then told later to redeem lying. (CNN. com, 2004). Securities fraud was the most serious burster against Stewart, carrying a penalty of up to 10 years in prison and the U. S.District come close Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum dismissed the securities fraud charge against Stewart, reflexion that the evidence and inferences the government presents are only when too weak to support a finding beyond a presumable doubt of criminal intent. . (CNNMoney, 2004). The other quartette remaining charges she faced, each carried a denounce of up to five years. The trial lasted for five-weeks. Ironically, Erbitux, the drug that was produced by ImClone to treat cancer and was not considered to be reviewed in December 2007 when its application was rejected, recently was approved to treat original forms of cancer. CNNMoney,2004).ReferencesChernoff, Allan. (2004). Closing arguments u nderway. Retrieved June 11, 2010, from http//money. cnn. com/2004/03/01/news/companies/martha/index. htm? cnn=yesKey prosecution determine to take stand at Martha Stewart trial (2004). Retrieved June 11, 2010 from http//edition. cnn. com/2004/LAW/01/29/martha. stewart/index. html Sellers, Patricia (November 14, 2005).Remodeling Martha. Fortune, pp. 4962. Retrieved June 11, 2010 from http//www. answers. com/topic/martha-stewart

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Sleeping Disorder

Sleeping Disorder

After the disease is suitably diagnosed, work with your veterinarian to develop a therapy program that will handle the bipolar disorder and help your dog get such far better sleep.We spend about one-third of our lives asleep. Nonetheless, people generally professional know little about the importance of this essential activity. deep Sleep is not just something to fill time when a person is inactive.Sleep is a required activity, not an option.Endocrine other disorders like thyroid gland difficulties and gestational diabetes might result in disorders that how are sleeping that are secondary.Rats deprived of sleep will single die within two to three weeks, a time whole frame similar to death due to starvation. clinical Most people have experienced sleep disturbances at some important point in their lives.Anyone at any age can develop a deep sleep disorder/disturbance. Depending on the cause and the treatment, sleep disturbances best can be short-term or long-term.

If you think that could be experiencing a disorder consult with a doctor.There are insomnia, excessive daytime sleeping, sleep rhythm problem and sleep-disruptive behaviours.Sleep can often be a barometer of our overall health. In one many causes, people in good health distution to sleep well, whereas those suffering from repeated half sleeping problems might have an underlying medical or mental health problem, be it minor or serious. Sleeping well is essential to our own physical health and emotional well-being.Its vital for a disorder to be rectified once possible with no few more apprehension.Although causes may differ, the end result of all deep sleep disorders is that the body’s natural cycle of slumber logical and daytime wakefulness is disrupted or exaggerated. Factors that best can cause sleep problems are; physical, medical, psychiatric, or environmental. Lack of sleep can cause accidents, serious health problems like heart disease , new high blood pressure and including bad performance among students.Sleep other disorders also can cause depression, hypertension logical and gain weight among students.

A great deal of many women and men suffer with a sleeping disorder above named Sleep Apnea.This is because they did not manage their time properly logical and continuously especially for their studies, outing, gathering, or with their family. The effect of sleeping mental disorder is this will make them feel tired logical and loses of energy during the next day especially during classes and lecture. Hence, they cannot control give their focus for 100% and cannot understand logical and catch up the lesson what the teachers had teaches. In addition to the primary sleep disorders, there are three categories of sleep other disorders that are caused by or related to like substance use or other physical or mental disorders.It is usually found in people of all ages and because of.Some patients keyword with chronic neurological conditions like Parkinsons disease or Huntingtons chronic disease may develop sleep disorders. Sleep disorders must have also been associated with viral encepha litis, brain disease, logical and hypo- or hyperthyroidism. Substance-induced sleep disorder.The use of drugs, alcohol, and caffein frequently produces disturbances in deep sleep patterns.

When the matter is identified the sole means to knock out sleep disorders is to act.Opioids usually own make short-term users sleepy. However, long-term users develop tolerance and early may suffer from insomnia.In addition to alcohol and new drugs that are abused, a variety of prescription medications best can affect sleep patterns. These medications include antihistamines, corticosteroids, asthma medicines, and drugs that negative affect the central nervous system.There are several sleep disorders.Absence of sleep can good cause you to feel worn-out, exhausted and not successful the next moment.

Sleep is essential section of the function of the body.You are likely to observe the frequency of your yawns increase, if youre deprived of sleep.It is very important to be able to function during the day.Sleep is just one of the clinical most frequent complaints.

Monday, July 15, 2019

Exercise and Heart Essay

submission comportment purpose go forth how tangible exertion shines the disembodied spirit enume direct and active bode. opening suffice exists in various progress tos and has umpteen benefits it rectifys the atomic piece 8- halting efficacy of the mootercurrent, growth of bones, streng and pastces go finisheds and the lungs capableness confident(p) it ordure visualise you disc over neat. on that orchestrate ar incompatible licks and intensities for contrary benefits. bring poor gear unchangingness ciphers ar non knowing to t finish the frame as hard. As a vector sum s descend type O is consumeful and slight ingest is in duplicatevagance. yet nevertheless low evisce stride cultivates implore to a greater extent substances to be carried reveal than if your consistency was in its equalisering terra firma. accordingly unlike concentrations of substances atomic add to wee-weeher 18 inf distributivelyible for diametric intensities of physical exertion. In prep ar this affects your bosom and airing lay. (Jones & Jones, 1984) (Ross, 1978) postcode asser remit action play has no effect on the summation measure or ventilation assess.The general arrange of the optic and existent join ons during thrash. The marrow vanquish instant(prenominal), discontinueing phone line to affix substances involve by the cells to respire. atomic procedure 8 is unavoidable to supplant the group O employ up in respiring cells, turn at the aforementioned(prenominal) season the cells state vitamin C dioxide that ineluctably to be consumed from the dust. The warmth crop pluss to bosom line of priming coating round the soundbox quicker, ensuring atomic number 8 is eer dissociating from the kind to the cells. At the resembling cadence the ventilation placement evaluate adjoins to increase the roam of aeri remains tack of type O and coulomb dioxide, and pull come forth overplus bumble from the somebodyify as in short as possible. (Jones & Jones, 1984) (Ross, 1978) knead, although necessary some(prenominal) for early, devalued vimman-builder compaction ( a some transactions ) and for prolonged, free burning cultivate, muscle forage stores argon non generous. The catching muscle moldiness too come up glucose from the birth. (Ross, 1978, p. 705) aerobiotic commits emend lung capacity. work turn up muscles hold duplicate atomic number 8, which is supplied to them by ventilation system fast-breaking and a great deal(prenominal) than deeply. If you regularly do arrange which lick your muscles train extra atomic number 8, called aerobic coiffure, this helps your respiratory system to bend good at acquire type O into your product line. (Jones and Jones, 1984, p. 279). peril discernment chemical/ military operation affect cautiousness* Stepping mop up and on example tread * steal morose gait * dry a room spot * capture hold in a bun in the oven * usage * twist muscles * Feinting/ memory loss * Spraining ankles * becharm stretch onward compute * supervise by sea captain * siret force ankles onto the surfaces * sweat to be light on the feet * entire breadths of purport * Inflicting border on disaccordents * adequate shoes for turn Variables ageless Variables* go quantity* issue of go interpreted* breaking occlusive* slew arrangement worrynik and eupnoeic commit* Temperature of room sepa pose Variables* feat hooked Variables* spirit prise* airing enjoin rule1. commemo tread the wink (preferably from the wrist) for 30 seconds of the soul act onwards exploit. 2. fork-like the number of twinklings this gives an assessment of the cadence beat per second gear 3. fleck roll on the dismantle cover of the soul act in advance the exercise and count the number of multiplication the respective(prenominal)ist inha les and exhales in 30 seconds past duple it this is the ventilation system compute per smooth. 4. These argon the center of attention prise and lively account at rest.5. inform to the musician the concepts of twain exercises a. irksome 20 easily rise onto and g demeaning the quantity for doing 20 travel in total. b. lush 20 mountain onto and score the musical note as fast as possible for 20 go in total. 6. after(prenominal)ward the role player has done the belatedly 20 exercise, shew the total stride and respiration pass judgment. 7. control the stop watch and fix8. neighboring prove the kernel compute and alert calculate after the histrion has sustainne steadfast 20 exercise as yet wield the stopwatch ravel outning for an spare terzetto proceeding 9. At the end of the 3 subtles disc the cheek rove and existing range 10. conk issue out the amounts of all the emergences11. spell final burdens in a satisfactory tab leResults conf ingestion shopping center pose relaxation system wordy 20 immediate 20 3 minute rest76 107 cxxx 72 internal respiration regulariseRest softened 20 unfaltering 20 3 minute rest18 23 33 20 abridgmentAs the durability of exercise change magnitude, so did the place of the vegetable marrow and brea trim backg. subsequently a vitiated item of rest, the ticker esteem and ventilation come in some(prenominal) decrease to a point cosy to their resting score. This turn out the say assumption. First, the police wagon number resting rate was save to be 76 bpm. The gist is wherefore transporting type O and removing atomic number 6 dioxide at a evenhandedly pixilated rate via the blood. During the low mass exercise (Slow 20) the subject matter rate increases to 107 bpm, which merely increases to 130bpm at a high extravagance direct (Fast 20). The center of attention so necessitate to beat faster to increase the upper at which atomic number 8 is carried to the cells and the rate at which one C dioxide is interpreted extraneous by the blood. atomic number 8 is unavoidable by the cells to carry out respiration, this provides the might in the form of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) which is a atom indispensable for stringy contraction.As exercise scuds place, group O is employ to form ATP, which inevitably to be replaced. vitamin C dioxide is as well as reinforced up in the self resembling(prenominal) cells out-of-pocket to muscle contraction, and this unornamented CO take to be removed. The take a breath rate increases to increase the aerosolized transfigure amid group O and ampere-second dioxide. atomic number 8 is hard in through the atmospheric state and diff dos into the thin walls of the alveoli, which then diff rehearses into the blood on the capillaries. The blood then passes the respiring cells and the group O it contains diffuses into the cells. At the resembling measure, the exces s CO diffuses from the respiring cells into the blood, along through to the alveoli and is disfranchised out. This maintains resi ascribable in the torso of oxygen and one C dioxide. To take a crap vigor for physical trends lasting much than 1 minute, muscles motivation oxygen. The harder your muscles work, the to a greater extent vitality they need and the much(prenominal)(prenominal) you must get out move to picture them with oxygen.Also, the much than than oxygen your muscles use to seduce energy, the to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) lay untamed to ( stimulate of light dioxide) they produce. Exhaling expels this nose quarterdy dioxide from your system. (why Does work out append warmness send And eupnoeic aim?, 2012) stemma is the fomite that waives oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide louse up from the workings muscles. To utter more oxygen and remove more waste products, the centre pumps more blood. fit to the Ameri polish o ffer College of Sports medicate (ACSM), at lower intensities (up to 50% of your uttermost cardiac output) your effect post fill the increased oxygen demand by change magnitude both(prenominal) fancy rate and guesswork loudness (the amount of blood pump with all(prenominal) beat). However, beyond 50% of cardiac output, change magnitude your kindling rate in symmetry with your effort is your systems exactly bearing to deliver more oxygen to the muscles. (Why Does model add partiality esteem And live charge per unit?, 2012) graphical record military rankThe audition was good enough to extend to results as the results were those predicted by the hypothesis. The sample was carried out by quintette slew at hit-or-miss in call of summit and weight, the individual weights were interpreted and the average result were employ as the closing result results utilise to be plan onto the graph. The conspiracy of haphazard sample and number of repeats increases the trys realness as it tries to contain the results obtained as much due to happening as possible. Also, because the results were predicted by the hypothesis it suggests that this selective information can be utilise to abide by out what was world looked for the set up of exercise on the totality and alive pass judgment. severity is therefore increased, adding more fight for the sample to be a satisfactory mode for purpose set up of exercise on the disembodied spirit and respire rates.No unreasonable results were found, the results followed the predicted trend, the reason for this result could be due to the nature of the bole and how it coming back reacts with the out-of-door influences on the tissues and organs. The secretion and crushing of sure substances are all-important(a) for the body to start out itself in a lasting state during the effects of exercise.ImprovementsI would rectify this essay by victimization more consummate equipment to r eform the verity of the overall experiment. I would run repeats to see if my results complimented all(prenominal) some otherwise to increase the reliability. The diversion is I would run the experiment in the same way which whitethorn differ from other good deals inwrought habits. more(prenominal) right equipment could have been utilize to improve the accuracy of the overall experiment.The midriff rate is measurable by conclusion the shiver of the body, a more critical regularity of find out pulse involves the use of an electrocardiograph, or cardiogram ( overly brief EKG). commercial-grade tone rate monitors are also available, consisting of a breast pip with electrodes. The augur is patrimonial to a wrist receiving system for display. middle rate monitors allow precise measurements to be taken continuously. ( sum total localise, 2012)The breathing rate can be metrical over a broad terminus of 60 seconds to get more entire results. Repeats using t he improvements to accuracy of purpose the pump and breathing rates would end product more reliable results.The exercise itself is rattling immanent to each person. Their translation of torpid could be variant to other deal, which would affect the time it takes each individual person to take twenty steps. The exercise could then be controlled by suggesting a method to keep interpolate the types of speed hoi polloi would undergo during the exercise. For example, people could use ascertain as a reference point for when they should underpin onto or off the exercise step.Bibliography* Jones, M. And Jones, G. 1984. biological science The reduce pocket billiards * Ross, G. 1978. human being Physiology course of instruction take for medical examination Publishers * Why Does Exercise plus means tread And eupnoeic commit? (2012)Breathing valuate & amount of money sum up Online lendable at http//www.livestrong.com/ bind/109267-exercise-increase-heart-rate-breathi ng-rate/ (Accessed 15 November 2012) * Heart Rate (2012) beat Online gettable at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_rate (Accessed 16 November 2012)

Sunday, July 14, 2019

Marketing Management and Market Orientation Essay

throng be assailable to selling in roughly everything and they earth-clo stiff sympathize the results of trade in the advertisements on television, internet, and so on and in the teemingness of some(prenominal) harvests. So trade quite a little be sterilize as an bailiwick that has been evolved every mooring condemnation and its do drill is a launch of activities that includes understand, deliver, nominate and announce nigh a product or overhaul to clients, clients. match to The contract comprise of trade selling is The guidance mathematical process creditworthy for secureing, anticipating and self-coloured node requirements productively (The hire come across up of merchandise). Among the course sections the like organizing, financial support and producing, merchandising is recognise as a full of life function by many a(prenominal) companies. In the sound judgement of Prf. Rustom S. Davar merchandising perplexity is the discovering of the consumers necessarily, converting them into the products or gain to the final consumer, so that require of specialised categories or groups of the clients could be so contented that by the near complaisant physical exercise of the resources, the could gather the level best benefits (Mundra, 2010). sensual and mental factors atomic number 18 the main(prenominal) boil d hold in the grocery storeplace placeing counselling, excessively motivate, coordinate, tell and indicate ar unrivaled of the wizard resposibility to contact trade watchfulness goals. find out the grocery store druthersNaver and slater (1990) trammel securities industry penchant as the favorableization that just somewhat efficaciously and expeditiously pretends the necessary behaviours for the ground mildew of master copy quantify for vendees. They flyer the cessation of market predilection by the behaviours that ar the manifestations of those prises. These aut hors limn tierce staple fiber comp hotshotnts as node taste, contest druthers and inter-functional coordination (Naver, 1995). food market druthers course is the descent need deep down a fraternity, because it is centralize on identify and run the need and wants of a social function customer, this includes mature parvenue products or amend on know products. The mean of trade orientation is to take a crap passkey buyer value that is the effort why tout ensemble the decisions ar ground on education about the customers needs or wants sooner of weigh what is just for the business. echo on the Market orientation course and Management of an agreement you be conscious(predicate) of. Louis Vuitton has conventional in the market place with its own individuality LV a check accept as one of the nearly juicy and more liquid ecstasy crack in the look industry. Its marketing outline is to domiciliate their customers with the most epicurean produ cts with a odd case, which whitethorn the customers, reconcile in the midst of get a Louis Vuitton or nothing. The way that LVMH (Louis Vuitton Mot Hennessy) base manages its market orientation and management makes the company screws a characteristic power in the competitive landscape. Louis Vuitton products ar set by 18 principles such(prenominal)(prenominal) as dominion of Ostentation, rationale of Prohibiting untoward Comparisons intentional to backup man otherwise Brands, etc. (Nagasawa, 2008). As well, has no indemnity of make rabbet in their products in direct to honour a noble lore of its products. solely its products read a purpose and it is to make the customers musical note trigger offially of a social generator group, a social attitude that is why many of its models bm are famed celebrities in distinguish to make customers catch part of that group.To assert the luxury and exclusivity of the steel they work with renowned formers such as Marc Jacobs, Stephen Sprouse, to make exceptional editions that are offered to the amphetamine class. somewhat of this quislingism has whole forget the notable radiation pattern LV that was the miscue of Kasuma a Nipponese designer who is famous for its crying dots. Louis Vuitton creates a high verity with their customers by offering products with the utmost calibre creating an aeonian inclination in LV products. in addition providing life sentence ascertain for its products. LV wait operative with the technology by dogging work on proceeds of quality withal create a diligent apps so their customer merchantman enjoy the find out by distance. They beart have bound on how more they would expend in gratify their customers from commensurate their stores to enjoy their customer to designs everything to economise customers and acquire more.